Jwaneng: The ‘Prince of Mines' and the World’s Richest Diamond Source

Diamonds have long captivated human imagination, not only for their sparkling beauty but also for their mystical associations, believed to bring luck and ward off evil. This fascination with diamonds continues to this day, with people constantly in search of the rarest, most valuable gems. One place, in particular, stands out as the source of the world’s wealthiest diamond mine: the Jwaneng Diamond Mine in Botswana.

Known as the “Prince of Mines,” Jwaneng is situated in an ancient volcanic crater about 170 kilometers southwest of Botswana’s capital, Gaborone. It is operated by Debswana, a joint venture between the government of Botswana and De Beers, a global leader in the diamond industry. Jwaneng’s name, derived from the Setswana word for “a gem place,” reflects the mine’s exceptional reputation.

Since its inception in 1982, Jwaneng has produced millions of carats of diamonds, with a record 13.3 million carats mined in 2023. The mine, estimated to be worth £1 billion, is famous for its three giant kimberlite pipes, the volcanic rock formations known for containing diamonds.

The mine’s rich history began in the 1970s with a discovery of a kimberlite-bearing zone, leading to its world-class mining status. The recent Cut-9 project, worth £1.5 billion, aims to extend the mine’s life until at least 2035, generating an additional 53 million carats. Moreover, the underground extension project, sanctioned in 2024, promises to boost production and provide significant economic benefits, including thousands of new jobs.

Jwaneng plays a critical role in Botswana’s economy, contributing 60-70% of Debswana’s revenue. The mine is also a technological leader, utilizing cutting-edge equipment for diamond extraction. Its commitment to sustainability was recognized with ISO 14001 certification in 2000, becoming Botswana’s first environmentally conscious mine.

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