For millions worldwide, a sip of cold water can trigger sharp tooth pain caused by sensitivity. Now, researchers at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) and Bengaluru-based deep-tech startup Theranautilus have developed “CalBots” – magnetic nanobots that address the problem from within.
These 400-nanometre particles, loaded with a calcium silicate-based bioceramic, are designed to travel up to 500 micrometres deep into dentinal tubules — microscopic channels that connect exposed dentine to nerve endings. Guided by an external magnetic field, the bots self-assemble into cement-like plugs that mimic the tooth’s natural barrier, offering potentially long-lasting relief.
Dental hypersensitivity affects one in four people globally and occurs when enamel erosion or gum recession exposes dentine. Temperature changes then send pain signals via these open tubules. “We wanted a solution no one had attempted before,” said Shanmukh Peddi, postdoctoral researcher at IISc’s Centre for Nano Science and Engineering (CeNSE) and Theranautilus co-founder.
The team formulated a unique bioceramic cement designed for deeper penetration and durability. Testing on extracted human teeth under a magnetic field for 20 minutes showed sealed tubules confirmed by high-resolution imaging. In animal trials, mice with induced sensitivity avoided cold water; after CalBot treatment, they resumed drinking it, showing full behavioural recovery.
Made from materials deemed ‘generally recognised as safe’, the bots passed toxicity tests in mice. “This is a glimpse of nanorobotics’ potential in future healthcare,” said CeNSE professor Ambarish Ghosh.