A study analyzing adverse events following Covaxin administration revealed distinct patterns of adverse events in different age groups and between genders. Among adolescents, new-onset skin and subcutaneous disorders, general disorders, and nervous system disorders were commonly observed adverse events of special interest (AESIs). Conversely, adults frequently reported general disorders, musculoskeletal disorders, and nervous system disorders.
Furthermore, menstrual abnormalities were noted in female participants, while ocular abnormalities and hypothyroidism were observed in a smaller percentage. Serious AESIs such as stroke and Guillain-Barre Syndrome were identified in a fraction of individuals. The study underscored that adolescents, females, and individuals with a history of allergies or post-vaccination typhoid had notably higher odds of experiencing AESIs. Additionally, those with comorbidities were at increased risk of persistent AESIs.
According to the Indian government’s Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), common side effects of Covaxin include fever, headaches, irritability, and pain or swelling at the site of injection. Other adverse effects may include severe allergic reactions, difficulty breathing, facial or throat swelling, increased heart rate, body rashes, dizziness, and weakness.
Despite the reported side effects, experts reassure that adverse reactions typically do not manifest after an extended period. Therefore, if individuals have not experienced any adverse side effects thus far, there should be no cause for concern regarding the safety or severe side effects of the vaccine.