Security agencies have issued an alert over the illegal use of satellite communication devices in Indian waters, warning that such unauthorised usage poses serious national security concerns.

Acting on these inputs, the Directorate General of Shipping (DGS) has proposed stricter penal provisions to curb violations and strengthen enforcement.

Undeclared devices raise alarm

The DGS said agencies have reported multiple instances of vessels and crew members carrying undeclared portable satellite communication equipment, including satellite phones and satellite-enabled messaging devices.

Security alerts highlighted the use of Zoleo satellite devices linked to smartphones operating on Iridium satellite networks for messaging in areas without cellular coverage. Officials stated that such unauthorised usage constitutes a serious breach of regulatory norms.

Under an earlier July 12, 2023 order, the DGS had permitted Iridium-based satellite communication equipment in Indian waters solely for Distress and Safety Communications under the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS), subject to conditions. Thuraya satellite equipment remains banned.

Stricter enforcement under telecom and shipping laws

Authorities expressed concern that, in the absence of Iridium gateways or ground stations in India, communications through portable devices cannot be effectively monitored or traced, particularly in sensitive cases.

As per existing norms, personal satellite communication devices not forming part of a ship’s GMDSS system are prohibited. Such devices must be declared and sealed upon arrival in Indian territory.

In a draft order seeking stakeholder comments, the DGS stated that vessels found violating satellite communication rules would face infringement notices and penal action under the Indian Telecommunications Act, 2023 and the Merchant Shipping Act, 2025.

The proposed order would apply to Indian and foreign-flagged vessels operating in Indian waters, as well as onboard crew and shore-based personnel involved in related activities.

Officials emphasised that strict compliance is essential to safeguard maritime safety and national security.