Bengaluru: Air pollution isn’t just a health hazard — it’s also silently damaging Bengaluru’s buildings. A recent study published in Nature has uncovered how long-term exposure to fine dust particles, known as PM2.5 and PM10, is corroding the city’s concrete and steel structures.

The study, spanning from 2013 to 2021, covered 12 pollution-prone locations like Central Silk Board, Peenya, Whitefield, and KR Market. The primary culprits? Traffic emissions, construction activity, and industrial smoke.

Particulate Matter (PM), a mix of microscopic solid and liquid particles, can seep into concrete, degrade its strength, and rust steel reinforcements. Over time, this significantly reduces a building’s durability.

Teams from Manipal Institute of Technology and Nagarjuna College of Engineering tested both older and newer buildings. The results were alarming: structures over a decade old showed deep cracks and weakened concrete. At Central Silk Board, for instance, an 18-year-old building showed advanced signs of structural decay, while a nearby newer construction remained largely intact.

Pollution levels were found to be worst during morning and evening traffic peaks, and in summer and winter seasons when pollutants linger due to dry, stagnant air. Thankfully, monsoons bring some relief by naturally washing away harmful particles.

The researchers also developed a smart predictive model with 93% accuracy to forecast pollution spikes. This can help residents, architects, and city planners adapt through timely maintenance, better ventilation, and minimized outdoor exposure.

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