Following the successful Chandrayaan-3 mission, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is preparing for Chandrayaan-4, scheduled for around 2028.

Known as the LUPEX mission, it aims to build on Chandrayaan-3’s achievements, attempting more complex objectives.

Chandrayaan-4 seeks to make India the fourth nation to bring lunar surface samples. ISRO plans lunar colonization by 2040 and envisions landing near the south pole to collect rock samples for Earth analysis.

The mission includes a 350-kg rover with expanded capabilities, utilizing GSLV Mk III or LVM3 launch vehicles. Success hinges on safely retrieving and bringing back lunar samples through two launches and a challenging re-entry procedure.

ISRO’s previous Vikram hop experiment and Orbiter return demonstrate key aspects of the upcoming mission.

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