New Delhi: A liver transplant surgeon has cautioned against the unchecked use of over-the-counter (OTC) medicines, warning that commonly used painkillers and even herbal remedies can pose serious risks to liver health if misused.
Dr Puneet Singla, speaking about the growing trend of self-medication, said that while popping a pill for quick relief may seem harmless, it can place excessive strain on the liver the body’s primary detoxifying organ.
The liver: A vital but vulnerable filter
The liver plays a crucial role in processing everything consumed, including medicines. It breaks down chemicals and toxins, ensuring they are safely eliminated from the body. However, this system has its limits.
Dr Singla explained that frequent or improper medication use can overwhelm the liver’s ability to function effectively. When this happens, harmful substances may accumulate, increasing the risk of toxicity and long-term damage.
He highlighted three key risk factors that commonly lead to liver stress:
- Incorrect dosing, where individuals exceed recommended limits
- High frequency of use without allowing recovery time
- Unsafe combinations of drugs that interact negatively
Over time, such practices can impair liver function and lead to serious complications.
Risks linked to common painkillers
The warning is particularly significant given the widespread use of drugs like Paracetamol and Ibuprofen. These medications are often considered safe but can become harmful when taken in excess or combined improperly.
Dr Singla pointed to the risk of Drug-induced liver injury (DILI), a condition that can range from mild inflammation to severe liver failure.
He noted that accidental overdosing is common, especially when multiple medications containing the same ingredient are consumed together. For instance, combining cold and flu medicines with painkillers may unknowingly increase intake beyond safe levels.
The risk becomes even higher when such drugs are used alongside alcohol, which further strains the liver.
Herbal remedies not always safe
The surgeon also addressed a common misconception — that herbal or “natural” products are risk-free. According to him, this belief can be misleading and potentially dangerous.
Certain supplements can cause liver damage or interact adversely with other medications. Since these products are often taken without medical guidance, their side effects may go unnoticed until significant harm has already occurred.
Self-medication can delay diagnosis
Another concern raised by Dr Singla is that self-medication may mask underlying health issues. Treating symptoms without identifying their root cause can delay proper diagnosis and treatment.
By the time patients seek professional help, the condition may have progressed, sometimes leading to irreversible liver damage.
Expert advice for safer medication use
To reduce risks, Dr Singla emphasised the importance of responsible medication practices. He advised individuals to:
- Follow prescribed dosages strictly
- Avoid mixing medications without consulting a doctor
- Be cautious with long-term use of OTC drugs
- Seek medical advice before using herbal supplements
He stressed that even widely available medicines should not be taken lightly, as their misuse can have serious consequences.
Conclusion
As self-medication becomes increasingly common, experts warn that convenience should not come at the cost of health. The liver works silently to protect the body, but it has its limits. Greater awareness and cautious use of medicines can go a long way in preventing avoidable health complications.