Caste dynamics have long been influential in shaping electoral outcomes in Karnataka, mirroring trends observed across other states. Each major political party claims substantial support from dominant castes or communities, but success hinges on securing a broader spectrum of community support. As Lok Sabha elections approach, the political landscape resembles a strategic game of chess, with evolving caste considerations compared to last year’s assembly polls.
In Karnataka, Lingayats hold sway in North Karnataka, while Vokkaligas dominate the Old Mysore region. Scheduled Castes and Tribes are dispersed throughout the state, with Kalyana Karnataka showing a higher concentration of these communities.
Despite Vokkaligas’ and Lingayats’ dominance, Siddaramaiah, a backward Kuruba leader, clinched the chief minister’s post twice by rallying the Ahinda vote bank. Ahinda, an acronym for minorities, backward classes, and Dalits, played a crucial role in Congress’s victories in 2013 and 2023. Siddaramaiah championed their cause, advocating for social justice measures.
The caste equation shifted dramatically in the 2023 assembly polls, with Congress securing support not only from Ahinda but also from Lingayats and Vokkaligas, contributing significantly to its victory. However, the publication of the caste census report faced backlash from Lingayats and Vokkaligas, fearing potential impacts on government quotas and cabinet positions.
As Lok Sabha polls approach, JD(S), traditionally supported by Vokkaligas in the Old Mysuru region, aligning with BJP, signals another shift. BJP aims to lead among Lingayats and Vokkaligas, while Congress is projected to lead among SCs, STs, Kurubas, and Muslims.
Historically, Vokkaligas held sway within Congress in the former Mysore state, but the balance shifted in 1990 when Lingayats switched allegiance to BJP after Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi dismissed chief minister Veerendra Patil. This led to the emergence of HD Deve Gowda and his Janata Dal, backed by Vokkaligas, as a prominent player.
