New Delhi: Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide, with the World Health Organization (WHO) reporting that 19.8 million people died of heart-related ailments in 2022, accounting for 32% of all global deaths. Heart attacks and strokes together make up nearly 85% of these deaths, highlighting the scale of the crisis.
In light of this alarming data, researchers are paying closer attention to dietary habits that can reduce cardiovascular risk. A new study, published in the New England Journal of Medicine in August 2025 and presented at the European Society of Cardiology conference in Madrid, has found that potassium-rich foods such as bananas and beetroots can significantly lower heart disease risks.
Potassium and heart protection
The study, conducted by Copenhagen University Hospital, specifically examined whether raising potassium levels in the blood could help reduce conditions such as arrhythmias (irregular heartbeat) and heart failure.
According to the findings, patients who consumed potassium-rich foods showed a 24% reduction in irregular heartbeat, heart failure, or death compared to those who did not. Researchers highlighted that those with ventricular arrhythmias benefitted the most.
Study details
The clinical trial involved 1,200 patients who already had implantable defibrillators — small devices fixed in the chest to detect and stop irregular heartbeats. Participants were divided into two groups: one received potassium-rich foods, while the other did not.
Foods such as white beets, beetroots, and cabbage were given to participants because of their naturally high potassium content. Over the course of the study, those consuming these foods consistently demonstrated stronger protection against heart complications.
Why potassium matters
Professor Henning Bundgaard, one of the senior authors of the study, explained that the human body evolved on a potassium-rich diet thousands of years ago. However, modern diets heavy in processed and fast foods have tipped the balance in favour of sodium, which is harmful to the heart.
“Today, convenience foods such as chips and packaged snacks are high in sodium but low in potassium. This imbalance increases cardiovascular risk. By contrast, diets rich in fruits and vegetables can restore a healthier ratio and protect the heart,” Bundgaard noted.
The catch with meat
While meat is technically a source of potassium, the study warns against relying on it. Researchers pointed out that meat often comes with high sodium content, which cancels out the potential benefits of potassium intake. Instead, they recommend fruits and vegetables as safer and more effective sources.
Practical implications
The findings suggest that while patients with irregular heartbeat or defibrillator implants may see the most immediate benefits, everyone can improve their heart health by including potassium-rich foods in their diet. Bananas, beetroots, spinach, sweet potatoes, and cabbage are among the easiest options.
Doctors stress that alongside medical treatment, small dietary changes could prevent millions of deaths globally, making potassium a simple yet powerful weapon in the fight against cardiovascular disease.
Conclusion
As cardiovascular deaths continue to claim millions of lives every year, the study underscores the importance of shifting from sodium-heavy processed foods to a balanced diet rich in potassium. With strong evidence now available, experts believe that adopting such changes could make a significant difference in reducing heart disease globally.